Where are the alien

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The SETI project has not yet caught any sign of extraterrestrial life. Scientists now feel the need to rethink the causal predictions of Frank Drake's intelligent extraterrestrial civilization equation. According to newly acquired astronomy information, the probability of intelligent extraterrestrial civilization is far different from that calculated by Frank Drake in 1960. The new possibility of intelligent alien life is both more optimistic and more pessimistic than the original possibility.

Goldilock Region

The field of Goldilak is called the distance from the star where a planet can store liquid water on its surface and feed life like Earth. This habitable area is the intersection area of ​​two areas which should be helpful for life; One of these regions is of the planetary system and the other is of the galaxy. The planets and their moons of this region are suitable for the possibility of life and can be helpful for life like the Earth. Generally, this principle does not apply to moons because life on moons also depends on the distance from its mother planet and we do not have much theoretical information about it.

The habitable zone (Goldilak area) is different from planetary living capacity. The conditions that support the life of a planet are called planetary life potential. Planetary life potential includes the quality of supporting the planet's carbon-based life; Whereas in the habitable zone (Goldilak area) the property of supporting the carbon-based life of that area of ​​space. It is both different. For example, the three planets in our solar system's Goldilac region include Venus, Earth, and Mars, but apart from Earth, both planets (Venus and Mars) do not have supportive conditions of life i.e. planetary life potential.

This area, which is helpful for life, is also called the habitable zone, Goldilak area or life zone.

Life outside the Goldilak region

According to new information, life can also flourish in addition to the circumstances predicted by Frank Drake. Earlier it was believed that liquid water can be found only in the 'Goldilocks' area around the Sun. The distance of the Earth from the Sun is 'absolutely right' when this distance is slightly reduced, the water will boil and the water will become ice if the distance is slightly more.

Scientists were surprised to see that Jupiter's moon could be liquid water below the icy surface of Europe. Europa Goldilak is far outside the region, so it will not fall into Frank Drake's equation. But the tidal force on Europe is able to melt the icy surface to form an ocean of liquid water. When Jupiter revolves around Jupiter, Jupiter's massive gravitational force completes the Europa like a rubber ball causing friction to the core of the Europa that melts its icy surface.

Our solar system itself has more than a hundred moons, which means that the number of moons capable of life in our solar system outside the Goldilac region is much higher than earlier estimates. So far, more than 250 supermassive gas planets have been discovered outside the solar system, which may have icy moons, but life can be possible on them.

In addition, there may be some rouge planets in the universe, which no longer revolve around any star. Due to the tidal effect of these planets, there can be an ocean of liquid water under the icy surface, which is a sign of life. But it is almost impossible for us to find such moons because our instruments are able to see the planets and their moons with the light of the mother star.

The number of moons in the solar system is much higher than the number of planets and there may be millions of wandering stray planets in the galaxy, so the life expectancy is more than the predictions.

Supporting conditions for life on Earth in addition to the "Goldilocks Zone"
On the other hand, according to astronomers, the probability of life in the 'Goldilak field' planets for various reasons is less than Drake's estimates. According to him, apart from being in the Goldilak region of the earth, there are some other factors for life to flourish.

1. First: According to computer programs, the presence of planets like Jupiter is essential for life, which protects the inner planets from comets and meteors. These planets keep their solar system clean by pushing meteors and comets into distant space with their gravity, which makes life possible on the inner planets. If there was no Jupiter in our solar system, then there would be a meteorite on Earth, comets that would make life impossible. According to astronomer Dr. George Vedryl of the Carnegie Institute of Washington, in the absence of Jupiter and Saturn, life-threatening collisions with the Earth's asteroids would have been thousands of times larger, that is, every 10,000 years. Keep in mind that in a similar collision that took place 65 million years ago, the denomination of dinosaur was erased from the earth. According to George, it is difficult to predict how life would survive in such a situation.

2. Second: There is a large moon of the Earth which controls the speed of rotation of the Earth. According to Newton's rules of motion, the Earth's rotation axis would have been unstable if the moon had not been there, and the probability of the Earth's rotation axis would have increased. This situation also makes life impossible. According to the French astronomer Dr. Jacques Lascare, the Earth's axis oscillates from 0 to 54 degrees when the moon is not there, creating an odd seasonal situation that makes life impossible. For the possibility of life, a relatively large satellite near the planet is also necessary. This factor should also be included in Drake's equation. (Mars has two small moons, they are so small that they are unable to stabilize the axis of Mars, Mars has rolled from its axis in the past and may also roll in the future.)

3. Third: Recent geological evidence suggests that life on Earth has been destroyed many times in the past. About 2 billion years ago, the earth was completely covered with snow, it was ice age and life was not possible in it. On some other occasions, volcanic eruptions and meteorites have almost destroyed life on Earth. The creation and destruction of life are more fragile than we anticipated.

4. Fourth: In the past, intelligent life has been almost completely destroyed many times. According to the new DNA Sabuto, there were probably a few hundred to a few thousand humans left about 100,000 years ago. Other creatures where there is a lot of genetic difference among different species, but surprisingly all humans are similar in genetically. We are all clones of each other in comparison to the creature. This is possible in the same situation when most of the human species are destroyed in some event and human life moves ahead of a few humans. For example, a volcanic eruption cools the weather suddenly and destroys almost all human species.

Apart from these, there are some other reasons for life on earth like

Strong magnetic field: It is essential to protect life from cosmic and solar radiation. If it is not there, the atmosphere of the Earth will be eroded by the flow of solar air.

The average speed of rotation of the Earth: If the rotation speed of the Earth is less, then there will be more heat in the daytime area and more cold in the night area. If the rotation speed is high, then extreme weather conditions will occur such as extremely strong winds and storms.

Correct distance from the center of the galaxy: If the Earth is too close to the center of the galaxy, then there will be a dangerous amount of radiation, while there will not be the necessary elements to make DNA molecules at a greater distance.

Estimating the possibility of extraterrestrial life

For all these reasons, astronomers believe that life is possible on moons or wandering planets outside the Goldilac region, but on Earth-like planets located in the Goldilock region, its probability is less than predictions. But overall, the new estimates derived from Drake's summation indicate the possibility of life exploration less than previously estimated.

Professor Peter Ward and Donald Brown Lee wrote

"We believe that life as bacteria and spores is normal in the universe, probably more than Drake and Carl Sagan count. But complex life such as animals and flora is rarer than anticipated. "

Ward and Lee fuel the possibility of Earth being unique to life in the galaxy. This theory slows down the hope of finding life in our galaxy but does not rule out the possibility of life in other galaxies.